Five things worth knowing, one chart each. Then what you can do with them.
Farming, land, processing, packing, shipping, shops and waste: 18 billion tonnes of CO2e a year.
So the farm behind the label matters most. That is why Supply chain and Ingredients are two of the five signals.
Crippa et al., Nature Food, 2021. Figures for 2015.Supply-chain emissions (Scope 3) average 26 times a company's own operations. Companies are half as likely to measure them.
A label shows almost none of this. greenspecs reads what the label says, then what is known about the brand, and marks which is which.
CDP and BCG, Scope 3 report, June 2024.The European Commission checked 150 green claims in 2020. 53% were vague, misleading or unfounded. 40% had nothing behind them.
That is why Claims is a signal of its own. "Plant-based" scores less than "EPA Safer Choice", because only one can be checked.
European Commission, green claims study, 2020.Less than one in ten pounds of US plastic waste gets recycled. Bottles do better, at about three in ten.
So Packaging asks what the pack is, and where it really goes. A refill or a powder in card often beats a "recyclable" jug.
US EPA, Plastics: material-specific data, 2018.Across 600,000 US products, the ones with green claims grew faster. A link, not proof of cause, but brands notice.
That is the opening. When shoppers check the claims too, the brands with real work behind them win.
McKinsey and NielsenIQ, Feb 2023.Each scan joins a shared record of what brands claim and what they prove. 1,358 scans so far. That record is what brands see.
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